Administration of Justice Practices
      - Judiciary
      - Legislature
Public Prosecution
      - Role, Status and Independence of Public Prosecution
      - Automation / Computerization of their Working Systems
Human Rights
      - Accused, Offender, Prisoner
       Children, Juveniles
      - Women
      - Minorities, Refugees, Non-Citizens
      - Humanitarian Law
      - Prevention of Discrimination
      - Political, Civil, Economic, Social, Cultural Rights
Fighting Crimes
      - Investigation of Crimes
      - Prevention of Crimes
Types of Crimes
      - Fighting Corruption
      - Transparency Standards, Instruments
      - Organized Crime
      - Fighting Money Laundering
      - Financial Transparency
      - Terrorism
      - Cyber Crimes / Computer Crimes
      - Intellectual Property Crimes
      - Crimes against Women
      - Juvenile Delinquency
      - Crimes against the Environment
      - Trafficking in Persons
      - Trafficking in Drugs
      - Trafficking in Arms, Weapons
      - Crimes against Humanity (Genocide, Torture…)
Rule of Law and Governance
      - Democratic Governance
      - Development
      - Peace, Security
      - Protection of Human Rights
      - Role of Public Prosecution and Specialized Institutions
      - Importance of Parliaments
      - Local Governance
Reform
      - Legal, Judicial Reform
      - Legislation, Constitutional Reforms
      - Political, Economic, Educational Reform
Gender
      - Issues Related to Gender
      - Women and Parliament
Victims
Witnesses
Civil Society

Children, Juveniles

Humanitarian Action Report 2010: Partnering for Children in Emergencies [ English ][ Arabic ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2010
This latest edition of UNICEF’s Humanitarian Action Report highlights 28 of the most pressing crises. It explains how UNICEF is partnering with others to save lives and rebuild families and communities. And it appeals for US$1.2 billion to allow this lifesaving work to continue in a predictable, timely, and effective manner.

Comparative Study on Juvenile Justice in some Arab States [ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2009
This study talks about the general principles of juvenile justice in each of Lebanon, Jordan, Morocco, Yemen, Algeria, Egypt, and Iraq, and delves into the needed reforms with regards to juvenile legislation. The study also addresses the following themes: age of criminal responsibility, rules that govern juvenile justice, sanction and pretrial detention in juvenile cases, alternative measures, as well as practical applications of juvenile laws.

Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime Model Law and Related Commentary [ English ]
Author(s): . 2009

Report of the Secretary-General 352 (2008) [ English ][ Arabic ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2008
The present report contains a series of recommendations with a view to securing strengthened action for the protection of children in Somalia.

Street Children in Yemen [ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2008
A Socio-Economic-Pyschological Study of Educating a Psychological Specialist. By Abdul Rahman AbdulWahhab Ali, a lecturer in the Psychology of Communication, University of Eden.

The last holdouts: ending the juvenile death penalty in Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Pakistan, and Yemen [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2008
In this 20-page report, Human Rights Watch documents failures in law and practice that since January 2005 have resulted in 32 executions of juvenile offenders in five countries: Iran (26), Saudi Arabia (2), Sudan (2), Pakistan (1), and Yemen (1). The report also highlights cases of individuals recently executed or facing execution in the five countries, where well over 100 juvenile offenders are currently on death row, awaiting the outcome of a judicial appeal, or in some murder cases, the outcome of negotiations for pardons in exchange for financial compensation.

Making Children's Rights Work in North Africa: Country Profiles on Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2007
The Programme on Country Profiles on the Status of the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is one of the core IBCR activities. It involves analysis and reporting on the status of implementation of the CRC and its Optional Protocols. It particularly aims to detect the existing challenges and gaps, highlight the progress made and identify the commendable practices that are developed in the area of children’s rights by States parties.

Making Children's Rights Work in North Africa: Country Profiles on Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2007

Report of the Secretary-General 520 (2007) [ English ][ Arabic ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2007
The present report follows the situation of children in Sudan. It identifies parties to the conflict who recruit and use children and who commit other violations of children’s rights in all theatres of armed conflict throughout the country. The report also outlines the ongoing dialogue with parties to the conflict in relation to action plans to address violations and highlights programmatic responses for the protection of children.

The Report on the Survey in Jordan Of Children’s Literature and the Promotion of Reading among Children [ English ]
Author(s): . 2007
The survey gives a presentation of the status of children’s literature and encouraging reading in Jordan.

The Report on the Survey in Palestine Of Children’s literature and the Promotion of Reading among Children (The West Bank and the Gaza Sector) [ English ]
Author(s): . 2007
This report is concerned with the presentation of the results of a survey on children’s literature and encouraging reading in Palestine as represented by the West Bank and the Gaza Sector.

Children and Armed Conflict [ English ]
Author(s): . 2006
A review of the United Nations work on this issue with links to related United Nations Security Council resolutions, Secretary-General reports, Security Council debates, General Assembly documents and other useful resources. 

Manual for the Measurement of Juvenile Justice Indicators [ English ]
Author(s): . 2006

Measuring What Really Matters in Juvenile Justice [ English ]
Author(s): . 2006
This monograph presents a case for utilizing a system of performance outcomes and measures for juvenile justice systems developed by a partnership between the American Prosecutors Research Institute (APRI), the Balanced and Restorative Justice Project (BARJ), and the National Center for Juvenile Justice (NCJJ).

United Nations Secretary-General Study on Violence against Children [ English ][ Arabic ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2006
This Study, rooted in children's human rights to protection from all forms of violence, aims to promote action to prevent and eliminate violence against children at international, regional, national and local levels. It is a joint initiative, directly supported by the Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (OHCHR), the United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF), and the World Health Organization (WHO).

Achievements for Children in the Islamic World [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2005
This document lists the achievements that have resulted after the First Islamic Ministerial Conference on the Child, which was organized by Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), the Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) and the United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF).

Changing a Harmful Social Convention: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting [ English ][ Arabic ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2005
This publication examines the prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) and its social dynamics. It provides an explanation as to why the practice persists and of the elements necessary for its abandonment. It also takes stock of progress to date, identifies what works and what does not, and provides direction regarding the most successful strategies to promote the abandonment of FGM/C.

Child Labor in the City of Irbid [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
This research study aims to investigate child labor in Irbid to provide a deep understanding of and knowledge about the socio- economic and cultural context of the working children in Irbid. It also aims to propose intervention programs that maximize the effectiveness of the Family and Childhood Protection Society (FCPS), an NGO in Irbid that works on children issues.

Child Trafficking: The Worst Face of the World [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
This paper aims to offer an overview on child trafficking; it briefly analyses the global phenomenon of trafficking in human beings and focuses on the major regional trends in child trafficking and the international response to this phenomenon.

Council of Europe Actions to Promote Children's Rights to Protection from All Forms of Violence [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
This publication reflects the actions of the Council of Europe over more than five Decades. They clearly demonstrate policy and legal measures that contribute towards improving children’s rights.

Early Childhood Matters: Responses to Young Children in Post-Emergency Situations [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
Early Childhood Matters is a journal about early childhood. It looks at specific issues regarding the development of young children, in particular from a psychosocial perspective. This issue is meant to bring important information to organizations facing the needs of young children in emergency situations who otherwise would not have access to it.

Early Marriage: A Harmful Traditional Practice [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
Using data from the Demographic and Household Surveys, this publication estimates the prevalence of child marriage and seeks to identify and understand the factors associated with child marriage and cohabitation. The statistical linkages identified can help programmers promote delayed marriage and use advocacy and behavior-change campaigns to prevent child marriage.

Education for All Girls and Boys is the Key to Development [ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2005
This report measures the world's progress towards realizing the second and third Millennium DevelopmentGoals pertaining to achieving universal primary education, gender equality and women empowerment.

Failing Our Children: Barriers to the Right to Education [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
This report is based on more than thirty investigations conducted by Human Rights Watch (HRW) in over twenty countries since 1998. HRW found that migrant children, children from rural areas, ethnic or religious minorities, internally displaced and refugee children, indigenous children, and low-caste children were often denied equal access to education, or in some cases, access to any education at all.

Gender Achievements and Prospects in Education Project (GAP) Report [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
Building on what people who work in development and education know and understand, this report is designed to assess progress towards universal primary education, highlight innovations, identify obstacles, generate discussion and provide guidance.

Handbook for Parliamentarians: Combating Child Trafficking [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2005
Jointly produced by the IPU and UNICEF, this Handbook focuses on concrete measures that parliamentarians can take to combat child trafficking. The Handbook serves as a catalyst for action, providing concrete examples of ways and means of building a protective environment for children and parliamentarians' role in this regard.

Inside the Home, Outside the Law: Abuse of Child Domestic Workers in Morocco [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2005
This report looks at child labor by girls under age eighteen who perform household tasks while living with their employers. It assesses the treatment of child domestic workers according to international law, as set forth in the CRC, the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, and other international human rights instruments.

Investing in the Children of the Islamic World [ English ][ Arabic ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2005
This report was prepared by the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), the Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) and the United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF). It reviews the situation of children in 57 Muslim countries, assesses progress in the areas of health, education, child protection and HIV/AIDS, and identifies necessary action.

Islamic World - Child Statistics [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2005
This sheet contains basic and essential indicators and statistics on Children in the Islamic World.

Laying the Foundations for Children's Rights [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
The major strength of this study is its systematic focus on the steps needed to establish adequate legal and institutional foundations at the various levels to ensure that the rights recognized in the Convention will be respected and promoted.

State of the World's Children 2006: Excluded and Invisible [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2005
This year’s report highlights the millions of children who have not been the beneficiaries of past gains, the ones who are excluded or ‘invisible’. These are children without adequate access to education, to life-saving vaccines, to protection. Despite enormous efforts to reach children with needed services, millions continue to die every year.

State of the World's Mothers 2005: The Power and Promise of Girls’ Education [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
The report of the Save the Children Organization documents the inextricable link between the well-being of mothers and the well-being of their children and highlights the efforts of few countries and communities that are making the best investment possible for the future of their children that of ensuring that girls go to school.

United Nations' Children Fund - Annual Report 2004 [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2005
This report highlights the United Nations' Children Fund’s (UNICEF) work with partners in 157 countries worldwide. It puts the spotlight on key achievements in each of its priority areas: girls’ education, early childhood development, immunization plus, HIV/AIDS and child protection; also addressed are the threats to children brought on by some of the natural and man-made emergencies that unfolded in 2004, as well as UNICEF’s response.

United Nations Human Rights Standards and Mechanisms to Combat Violence against Children [ English ]
Author(s): . 2005
The purpose of this publication is to recall the human rights framework set out in international instruments adopted by the United Nations with relevance to the right of children to freedom from violence. It also reviews how treaty bodies established by human rights conventions to monitor progress in their implementation, as well as other UN human rights mechanisms have addressed the protection of children from violence.

Care for Children in Emergency Situations: Implications for International Standards [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2004
This paper focuses on special concerns and problems that need to be taken into account when considering out-of-home care for children affected by armed conflicts and other emergency situations, and looks at the ramifications for future international standards in this sphere.

Child Protection: A Handbook for Parliamentarians [ English ]
Author(s): . 2004
This Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)/ United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF) co-publication, launched at the IPU's 110th International Assembly in April 2004, serves as a catalyst for action, providing examples of parliamentarians' responses to the challenges of child protection and addressing 10 specific protection issues.

Child Soldier Use, 2003 [ English ]
Author(s): . 2004
This report aims to assist the Security Council and other UN member states in formulating a concerted strategy and the implementation of firm measures to stop the use of children in wars which threaten their life, survival and development in many countries across the world.

Child Soldiers Global Report [ English ]
Author(s): . 2004
This report is based on extensive research on child recruitment legislation, policy and practice in 196 countries. It covers the period from April 2001 to March 2004. It reviews trends and developments related to the use of child soldiers since the publication of the Coalition’s last global report in 2001, and highlights failures – by the international community, governments and armed groups – to protect children’s fundamental human rights.

Children as Partners: Child Participation Promoting Social Change [ English ]
Author(s): . 2004
The present report examines current literature and examples of good practice programming supporting child and adolescent meaningful participation in the context of children’s rights. It is aimed at development agencies wishing to support children’s participation in designing, implanting and evaluating programs in the context on meaningful effective partnerships that take place across various socio-cultural contexts.

Gender, Education and Child Labor in Egypt [ English ]
Author(s): Kawther Abu Gazaleh, Lamia Bulbul, Soheir Hewala, and Suadad Najim. 2004
This paper searches for the linkages between child labor, gender and education, identifies the gaps in the literature on these linkages and highlights areas for further research and program/policy interventions.

Gender, Education and Child Labor in Lebanon [ English ]
Author(s): Aziza Khalidi, Nayla Nahhas and Iman Nuwayhid. 2004
This report on the child labor in Lebanon tackles a number of issues related to the educational system and provides a gender analysis of the interrelation existing between child labor and basic education.

Handbook: Child Protection [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2004
Jointly produced by the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and UNICEF, this Handbook covers a wide range of themes related to child protection, including trafficking of children, violence against children, female genital mutilation, the sexual exploitation of children, children and war, and juvenile justice. The Handbook serves as a catalyst for action, providing concrete examples of ways and means of building a protective environment for children.

MENA Child Protection Initiative: The Report on Amman [ English ]
Author(s): . 2004
This paper attempts to: 1) Review the status of children in Greater Amman covering areas such as health, educational and socio-economic characteristics. 2) Review the status of disadvantaged children and to identify vulnerabilities and risk factors affecting them. Disadvantaged have been grouped under the following categories: working children, street children, children deprived of family care (orphans), children with disabilities, refugees, and children affected by violence. 3) Assess the capacity of selected institutions addressing children's issues in Greater Amman. 4) Propose a phased capacity building program for the institution based on the finding of the assessment.

State of the World's Children 2005: Childhood under Threat [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2004
This report makes clear that for nearly half of the two billion children in the real world, childhood is starkly and brutally different from the ideal we all aspire to. Poverty, conflict, violence and HIV/AIDS deny children their dignity, rob them of a secure family life, endanger their lives and even kill them.

Summary Report of the Study on the Impact of the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child [ English ]
Author(s): . 2004
The present study documents the process set in motion by the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) across regions. It considers the changes the CRC has promoted, with particular emphasis on national legal and institutional reforms. These preliminary study findings are being presented to encourage cross-fertilization of experiences and the replication of good practices and to advance the cause of children’s rights.

United Nations' Children Fund - Annual Report 2003 [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2004
This report summarizes the many steps being taken by the United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF) and its partners in their long-standing mission to decrease child mortality rates, increase school attendance and strengthen child protection laws. It also spotlights UNICEF’s blueprint for fulfilling the promises of the Millennium Development Goals.

Young Face of NEPAD: Children and Young People in the New Partnership for Africa's Development [ English ]
Author(s): . 2004
This paper is intended as a contribution to the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) process. It suggests that that NEPAD can be energized by a common global and continental concern for children, and by the recognition that human capacity – the foundation for sustained development – is best achieved by investing in children and young people and realizing their rights.

Accelerating Progress in Girls' Education [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2003
This booklet describes how the United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF) is concentrating resources, intensifying interventions and working closely with national governments and a wide range of partners to reach out-of-school girls in 25 'acceleration' countries.

Building a World Fit for Children [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2003
This document, which resulted from the United Nations Special Session on Children in May 2002, is a rigorous plan for promoting healthy lives, providing quality basic education, combating HIV/AIDS and protecting children from abuse, exploitation and violence – in short, a plan for building a world truly fit for all children.

Charged with Being Children: Egyptian Police Abuse of Children in Need of Protection [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2003
This report, based on interviews with thirty-seven children and numerous government officials and child welfare experts, details the serious violations in the Greater Cairo area. Human Rights Watch urges the Egyptian government to end immediately its policy of arresting and detaining children deemed “vulnerable to delinquency” or “vulnerable to danger,” and instead develop programs to provide such children the assistance they need.

Children Rights Information Network - Annual Report 2003-2004 [ English ]
Author(s): . 2003
This annual report provides a narrative and financial report of activities for the year from 1 April 2003 to 31 March 2004. This includes a core programme dating back to 1995 as well as special projects carried out during this year.

Guide to the Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2003
This Guide is intended to assist non-governmental organizations, child protection agencies, other child rights advocates and government officials in their efforts to ensure ratification of or accession to the Optional Protocol and the treaty’s full implementation.

Impact of a New War on Iraqi Children [ English ]
Author(s): . 2003
The report describes the status and vulnerabilities of children in Iraq, examining the likely humanitarian impact of a military conflict on the civilian population, particularly children.

Poverty and Exclusion among Urban Children [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2003
This digest highlights the chronic poverty and marginalization that children in urban cities face. It provides examples that show that problems in urban areas are not insurmountable and, with good local governance, cities can become ‘child-friendly’, translating at the municipal level international commitments to ensure the universal realization of children’s rights.

Producing NGO Shadow Reports - A Procedural Guide [ English ]
Author(s): . 2003
Procedural and format guidelines designed to assist NGO' s in producing shadow reports for the CEDAW Committee (the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women) to use in evaluating government efforts to meet the obligations of the CEDAW Convention

Report on the Situation of the Palestinian Children in the Israeli Prisons [ French ]
Author(s): Dounya Al-Amal Ismail. 2003
This report gives particular interest to the judicial framework that assures the protection and assistance of children. The report was prepared for the Al-Dameer Association for Human Rights -Gaza.

State of the World's Children 2004: Girls, Education and Development [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2003
This report testifies that millions of young girls never attend school at all, millions more never complete their education, and countless numbers never receive the quality education that is their right. As they grow into women, they are ill-prepared to participate fully in the political, social and economic development of their communities.

A World Fit for Children [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2002
The documents in this small book constitute an essential guidebook for all those working to improve the lives of children and young people. These documents are a resource for all those working for peace and security, as children are at the heart of those efforts as well.

Adolescence: A Time that Matters [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2002
Adolescence is one of the most complex transitions of life. During adolescence, young people establish their emotional and psychological independence, learn to understand and manage their sexuality and consider their future role in society. This booklet provides valuable insight on the importance of a supportive and healthy environment for adolescents along with recommendations on how to provide this type of environment.

Adult Wars, Child Soldiers [ English ]
Author(s): . 2002
With this report, the United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF) seeks to raise awareness and shed light on the specific nature of child soldiering in the East Asia and Pacific region. It attempts to let the child soldiers "talk" to decision makers, child rights advocates, the media, youth leaders, military personnel and the general public.

Children Rights Information Network - Annual Report 2001-2002 [ English ]
Author(s): . 2002
This annual report, which provides a narrative and financial report of activities for the year from 1 April 2001 to 31 March 2002, will give readers a sense of what the Children Rights Information Network’s coordinating unit in London is doing with its partners and members. This includes work to maintain services composing a core programme dating back to 1991, preparations for the Special Session on Children, and research.

Children's Rights Law [ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2002

Finance Development: Invest in Children [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2002
This booklet shows why development efforts must focus first and foremost on freeing children from poverty. Since the foundation of an individual's health and well-being is laid during the first years of life, early childhood is the most opportune time to break the poverty cycle.

Participation of Conflict-Affected Children In Humanitarian Action: Learning from the Occupied Palestinian Territories [ English ]
Author(s): . 2002
This document considers the means, difficulties and benefits of pursuing children's participation in humanitarian action in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Its findings and analysis are based upon the study of projects currently being implemented by a number of international and local organizations with adolescents in the age range 12-18.

Quality Education for All: From a Girl's Point of View [ English ]
Author(s): . 2002
This booklet explores questions regarding girls and education, major among them are: How does the content of curriculum and learning materials include or exclude girls? What healthy, safe, protective and stimulating learning environments girls to achieve? And what outcomes of basic education should be expected from girls?

Report of the Observation Mission on Human Rights Violations in the Occupied Territories [ French ]
Author(s): Nathalie Boudjerada. 2002
This is a mission report of the Arab Commission for Human Rights to the occupied territories that evaluated the sanitary situation of the Palestinians and assessed their medical needs.

Situation of Children in Iraq [ English ]
Author(s): . 2002
This report is a situation analysis of the health and nutrition of infants and children in Iraq. It provides a breakdown of the current situation and the factors that lead to it along with major indicators, recommendations and suggested programs for improving this situation.

State of the World's Children 2003: Child Participation [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2002
The focus of this year’s The State of the World’s Children – Child Participation – is intended to remind adults of their obligation to elicit and consider the views of children and young people when decisions are being made that affect their lives.

UNICEF's Priorities for Children 2002-2005 [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2002
This booklet is an overview of the United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF) Medium-term strategic plan for the period 2002-2005. UNICEF is organizing its programmes, partnerships, alliances, advocacy work and internal operations around five organizational priorities — girls' education, integrated early childhood development, immunization 'plus', fighting HIV/AIDS, and protecting children from violence, abuse, exploitation and discrimination.

United Nations' Children Fund - Annual Report 2002 [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2002
The 2002 United Nations' Children Fund’s (UNICEF) Annual Report summarizes major trends affecting children worldwide and the results secured by UNICEF and its partners on their behalf. It describes issues, challenges, goals and the work of UNICEF's headquarters, 126 country offices and 37 National Committees. It also provides details of UNICEF's finances, resources and management, including a summary of contributions, income and expenditures.

Beyond Child Labor, Affirming Rights [ English ]
Author(s): . 2001
Child labour is a human rights violation on many different levels. A result and also a cause of poverty, child labour is a prison that withers both capabilities and potential. Beyond Child Labour shows how the United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF) and its major partners are working to end child labour.

Children Rights Information Network - Annual Report 2000-2001 [ English ]
Author(s): . 2001
This annual report provides a narrative and financial report of activities for the year from 1 April 2000 to 31 March 2001.

Easy Targets: Violence against Children Worldwide [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2001
This report is based on investigations conducted by Human Rights Watch (HRW) since 1996 on violence against children. It identifies violations arising through the failure of governments to take adequate steps to protect children from violence in the workplace, in the streets, and in situations of armed conflict.

Promoting Children's Participation in Democratic Decision-Making [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2001
This publication makes the case for a commitment to respecting children’s rights to be heard and the need to consolidate and learn from existing practice. It draws on much of the already published research and thinking in the field and on a wide range of international initiatives. It seeks to provide some practical guidance on the lessons learned to date in working with children as partners.

Second Class: Discrimination against Palestinian Arab Children in Israel's Schools [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2001
This report is about Israel’s discrimination against its Palestinian Arab children in guaranteeing the right to education.

State of the World's Children 2002: Leadership [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2001
This report illustrates the many and varied ways that people have shown their commitment to children’s welfare. And it emphasizes the need to give children the best possible start in life, to ensure that every child completes a basic education, and to involve children – adolescents in particular – in the decisions that affect their lives.

Underage and Underprotected: Child Labor in Egypt's Cotton Fields [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 2001
Each year over one million children between the ages of seven and twelve are hired by Egypt's agricultural cooperatives to take part in cotton pest management. Employed under the authority of Egypt's agriculture ministry, most are well below Egypt's minimum age of twelve for seasonal agricultural work. Human Rights Watch therefore recommends the measures specified in this report to bring the ministry's manual leafworm control operations into compliance with the convention and the Child Law.

United Nations' Children Fund - Annual Report 2001 [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2001
The 2001 United Nations' Children Fund’s (UNICEF) Annual Report summarizes major trends affecting children worldwide and the results secured by UNICEF and its partners on their behalf. It describes issues, challenges, goals and the work of UNICEF's headquarters, 126 country offices and 37 National Committees. It also provides details of UNICEF's finances, resources and management, including a summary of contributions, income and expenditures.

We the Children [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2001
UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan's We the Children is a landmark review of the progress made in meeting the commitments of the 1990 World Summit for Children; this is an adapted and abridged edition of the Secretary-General's report. The accompanying Statistical Review presents the most recent data on children's rights and well-being, based on an exhaustive 150-country data-collection effort.

Education for All: No Excuses [ English ]
Author(s): . 2000
‘Education For All by the Year 2000’ was a campaign of consensus-building and partnerships led by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF), the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and supported by scores of bilateral agencies and civil society organizations. At its heart – the right of all children to gain access to the opportunities and environments required to meet their basic learning needs.

Security Council Resolution 1325 annotated and explained [ English ]
Author(s): . 2000
This is the text of the Security Council's Resolution 1325 (2000) that specifically addresses the impact of war on women, and women's contributions to conflict resolution and sustainable peace. The text is annotated and explained in detail.

State of the World's Children 2001: Early Childhood [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2000
Drawing on reports from the world over, The State of the World’s Children 2001 details the daily lives of parents and other caregivers who are striving – in the face of war, poverty and the HIV/AIDS epidemic – to protect the rights and meet the needs of these young children.

United Nations' Children Fund - Annual Report 2000 [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 2000
The 2000 United Nations' Children Fund’s (UNICEF) Annual Report summarizes major trends affecting children worldwide and the results secured by UNICEF and its partners on their behalf. It describes issues, challenges, goals and the work of UNICEF's headquarters, 126 country offices and 37 National Committees. It also provides details of UNICEF's finances, resources and management, including a summary of contributions, income and expenditures.

Breaking the Cycle of Violence: Recommendations to Improve the Criminal Justice Response to Child Victims and Witnesses [ English ]
Author(s): . 1999
This monograph describes the best practices and programs that focus on the response to child victims and witnesses. It aims to serve as a blueprint for policymakers and criminal justice professionals.

Children in Jeopardy [ English ]
Author(s): . 1999
This report assesses the progress of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative launched in 1996 to address the debt crisis, along with the major reforms to the Initiative suggested in June 1999 by the Group of Seven. It presents the joint United Nations' Children Fund (UNICEF)-Oxfam proposal to set the eradication of poverty at the heart of debt relief reform.

Promises Broken: An Assessment of Children's Rights on the 10th Anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child [ English ]
Author(s): . 1999
The tenth anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child marks an important milestone. The rights of children are recognized as never before. But it also poses a challenge: for governments and civil society to take stronger action to implement its provisions, strengthen protections, and fulfill the promises made to the children of the world. This report illustrates the troubling extent to which the international community has failed children.

Standing Up for Ourselves: A Study on the Concepts and Practices of Young People's Rights to Participation [ English ]
Author(s): . 1999
This book is about the child's right to participate-the least understood of all children's rights. It is a guide to young people and adults so that they may increase and deepen their involvement in realizing children and young people's rights.

State of the World's Children 2000 [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 1999
This report tells of the many ways the world’s commitment to children has been translated into action – particularly since the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989 and the World Summit for Children the following year. More children are born healthy and more are immunized; more can read and write; more are free to learn, play and simply live as children than would have been thought possible even a short decade ago.

A Guide for Non-Governmental Agencies Reporting to the Committee on the Rights of the Child [ English ]
Author(s): . 1998
This guide provides detailed recommendations for Non-Governmental Organization on how to prepare effective national reports for the Committee on the Rights of the Child. The guide was produced with the financial assistance of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA).

Implementing the 20/20 Initiative [ English ]
Author(s): . 1998
The 20/20 Initiative provides a framework for translating the need for increased resources into reality. A compact between developing and industrialized countries, 20/20 calls for the allocation of, on average, 20 per cent of the budget in developing countries and 20 per cent of official development assistance (ODA) to these basic social services. It also aims to ensure that these resources are used with greater efficiency and equity.

State of the World's Children 1999: Education [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 1998
This report demonstrates that the right to education is guiding classroom practice, shaping curricula and finding practical expression in schools around the world. It is establishing schools as oases of respect and encouragement for children. It is providing classrooms where the principles of democracy are upheld and embraced. It is contributing to enhanced retention rates and reduced drop-out rates.

Law on Juvenile Care and its Amendments [ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 1997

State of the World's Children 1998: Nutrition [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 1997
This report spells out a simple but most pressing truth: Sound nutrition can change children’s lives, improve their physical and mental development, protect their health and lay a firm foundation for future productivity.

Children in Combat [ English ]
Author(s): . 1996
This report concerns the ways in which children are recruited, the possible reasons for their recruitment and participation, the roles children play in combat and in violence against civilians, and their treatment by the groups that recruit them.

State of the World's Children 1997: Child Labour (Part 1) [ English ][ French ]
Author(s): . 1996
This report urges that priority be given to efforts for the immediate end of hazardous and exploitative child labour and to urgent support for education, so that children may acquire the knowledge and skills that can enable them to improve their lives. It also stresses the need for basic services, social development strategies, income-generation measures and legal protection for children, their families and communities.

State of the World's Children 1997: Child Labour (Part 2) [ English ]
Author(s): . 1996
This report urges that priority be given to efforts for the immediate end of hazardous and exploitative child labour and to urgent support for education, so that children may acquire the knowledge and skills that can enable them to improve their lives. It also stresses the need for basic services, social development strategies, income-generation measures and legal protection for children, their families and communities.

Study on the Impact of Armed Conflict on Children [ English ]
Author(s): . 1996
This study proposes the elements of a comprehensive agenda for action by Member States and the international community to improve the protection and care of children in conflict situations, and to prevent these conflicts from occurring. It demonstrates the centrality of these issues to the international human rights, peace and security and development agendas.

Children in Sudan: Slaves, Street Children and Child Soldiers [ English ]
Author(s): . 1995
The children of Sudan, north and south, have been denied their basic rights by all parties to the conflict, and by the government of Sudan even in areas such as Khartoum where there is no war. Many who are considered street children, mostly southerners and Nuba, are removed from their families without notice. This report details violations of children’s rights in Sudan and provides recommendations to help improve the situation.

State of the World's Children 1996 [ English ]
Author(s): . 1995
This report reflects on children in war—on their lives and on their deaths. It also takes a historical perspective. It looks at what has changed in the last 50 years. The thread of violence runs through this too, for communities and children suffering the silent emergencies of poverty and hunger. But there have also been enormous achievements.

UN Guidelines and Norms on Criminal Justice - United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty [ English ][ Arabic ]
Author(s): . 1990
Adopted by General Assembly resolution 45/113 of 14 December 1990.

Deserted Children Bail [ Arabic ]
Author(s): .

Harmful Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children [ English ]
Author(s): .
The Fact Sheet #23 - Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.

International Bureau for Children's Rights - Middle East and North Africa Newsletter [ English ]
Author(s): .
The MENA programme at the International Bureau for Children's Rights publishes a monthly newsletter that seeks to highlight children's rights related developments both in the region as a whole, and on a country by country level. The material covered is in Arabic, English and French.

Juvenile Justice [ English ]
Author(s): .
This Digest focuses on the situation of children and young people under the age of 18 who come into contact with the justice system as a result of being suspected or accused of committing an offence.

Making Children's Rights Work: Country Profile on Bahrain [ English ]
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Making Children's Rights Work: Country Profile on Iraq [ English ]
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Making Children's Rights Work: Country Profile on Syria [ English ]
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Special Rapporteur on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography [ English ]
Author(s): .
In its resolution 1990/68 entitled "Rights of the child", the Commission on Human Rights decided to appoint for a period of one year a Special Rapporteur to consider matters relating to the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. The appointment has been regularly renewed, most recently in 2001, when the Commission on Human Rights in its resolution 2001/75 on the "Rights of the child" decided to renew the Special Rapporteur's mandate for a further three years.

Stop Child and Forced Labor [ English ]
Author(s): .